GLOBAL TROPICAL CYCLONE TRACKS/SUMMARY - APRIL 2009 !!!! IMPORTANT -- PLEASE SEE NOTE AT END OF FILE !!!! APRIL HIGHLIGHTS ---------------- --> First Northern Hemisphere cyclone of year forms--makes landfall in Bangladesh --> Tropical cyclones affect Madagascar and Tonga GLOBAL OVERVIEW --------------- As is typical for the transition months, tropical activity occurred in both hemispheres during April. In the Northern Hemisphere, Cyclonic Storm Bijli formed in the west-central Bay of Bengal and initially moved northward, intensifying to 50 kts (per JTWC). Bijli then turned toward the northeast, paralleling the Indian coastline, and began to weaken as it neared its landfall in Bangladesh. Several fatalities were attributed to Bijli. Late in the month, a low-pressure area in the South China Sea was dubbed Tropical Depression Crising by PAGASA, but was not elevated to depression status by either JTWC or JMA. I did not prepare a track for Crising, but following is a link to Michael Padua's PAGASA track for this system: The only Southwest Indian Ocean system to form during the month was Severe Tropical Storm Jade, which struck eastern Madagascar just shy of cyclone (i.e., hurricane) intensity, leaving 15 dead and nearly 23,000 homeless. MFR's peak intensity for Jade was 60 kts, and JTWC briefly elevated their 1-min avg MSW to 65 kts. One minimal tropical cyclone formed in the Australian Region, and in a very unusual location. Tropical Cyclone Kirrily formed in the northern Arafura Sea very deep in the tropics in a region where few cyclones form. The system made landfall in the Aru Islands and weakened thereafter. Around mid-month a non-tropical LOW formed in subtropical latitudes just east of 160E in Fiji's AOR. This system over the next several days drifted westward into Brisbane's AOR and produced gales. The LOW exhibited subtropical cyclone characteristics in satellite imagery and may have briefly become a tropical cyclone. (See the comments following the track for this system below.) One tropical cyclone formed east of 160E--Tropical Cyclone Lin. The predecessor of Lin moved eastward through the islands of Fiji before turning south-southeastward and intensifying. Lin reached a peak intensity of 60 kts (10-min avg) and passed through the Kingdom of Tonga where minor damage was reported. A track is also included below for a system in mid-April well east of the Dateline which exhibited some subtropical features in satellite imagery. Following Lin, another system was numbered Tropical Disturbance 15F by Nadi but was not accorded depression status. ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* NORTH INDIAN OCEAN (NIO) - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea Sources of Information ---------------------- The track coordinates and 1-minute average maximum sustained wind values in general were taken from operational warnings issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) of the U. S. Air Force and Navy, located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Occasionally some information may have been gleaned from the daily tropical weather outlooks and other bulletins issued by the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), which is the World Meteorological Organization's Regional Specialised Meteor- ological Centre for the basin. The reported maximum sustained winds are based on a 1-minute averaging period, which is used by all U. S. civilian and military weather services for tropical cyclone warnings. For synoptic observations in the North Indian Ocean region, both 10-minute and 3-minute average winds are employed, but IMD makes no attempt to modify the Dvorak scale for estimating tropical cyclone intensity; hence, a 1-minute average MSW is implied. Following is the link to the Wikipedia page for the 2009 North Indian Ocean Cyclone Season. A detailed report on Cyclonic Storm Bijli is available. Systems Tracked --------------- Cyclonic Storm BIJLI (01B) 14 - 17 Apr ************************************************************************* Storm Name: BIJLI Cyclone Number: 01B Basin: NIO Date Time Lat Lon Cent MSW MSW Remarks (GMT) Press 1-min 10-min (mb) (kts) (kts) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09 APR 14 0900 12.5 N 88.0 E 1000 25 IMD bulletin 09 APR 14 1200 12.5 N 88.0 E 1000 25 " 09 APR 14 1800 12.5 N 88.0 E 1000 25 " 09 APR 15 0000 13.3 N 86.7 E 35 IMD: 12.5N/88.0E-25 kts 09 APR 15 0600 14.7 N 86.6 E 35 09 APR 15 1200 15.4 N 85.8 E 35 Named Bijli by IMD 09 APR 15 1800 16.4 N 85.9 E 45 09 APR 16 0000 16.9 N 85.7 E 45 09 APR 16 0600 17.4 N 86.1 E 45 09 APR 16 1200 18.4 N 86.6 E 45 09 APR 16 1800 19.0 N 87.2 E 50 09 APR 17 0000 19.8 N 87.9 E 50 09 APR 17 0600 20.4 N 89.0 E 50 09 APR 17 1200 21.1 N 89.9 E 50 09 APR 17 1800 21.9 N 91.8 E 45 Making landfall 09 APR 17 2330 22.1 N 93.1 E 35 Satellite position ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* SOUTHWEST INDIAN OCEAN (SWI) - South Indian Ocean West of Longitude 90E Sources of Information ---------------------- The track coordinates as well as the central pressure and 10-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were obtained from warnings issued by Meteo France's Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre on Reunion Island (MFR), which is the World Meteorological Organization's Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre for the basin. The 1-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were taken from warnings issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) of the U. S. Air Force and Navy, located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The center position coordinates from JTWC were compared with those from MFR and annotations made in the Remarks column when the differences in general amounted to 40-50 nm or more. Following is the link to the Wikipedia page for the 2008-2009 Southwest Indian Ocean Cyclone Season: Systems Tracked --------------- Severe Tropical Storm JADE (MFR-12 / 26S) 03 - 14 Apr ************************************************************************* Storm Name: JADE Cyclone Number: 26S Basin: SWI MFR Tropical Disturbance Number: 12 Date Time Lat Lon Cent MSW MSW Remarks (GMT) Press 1-min 10-min (mb) (kts) (kts) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09 APR 03 2330 11.3 S 57.0 E 30 JTWC satellite bulletin 09 APR 04 0600 11.1 S 56.6 E 1004 35 20 Locally 25 kts S semi. 09 APR 04 1200 12.3 S 56.0 E 1002 25 Locally 30 kts S semi. 09 APR 04 1800 12.7 S 55.2 E 998 45 30 09 APR 05 0000 13.6 S 54.4 E 997 30 09 APR 05 0600 13.4 S 52.7 E 995 50 35 09 APR 05 1200 13.8 S 51.9 E 990 45 09 APR 05 1800 14.4 S 51.5 E 975 65 55 09 APR 06 0000 15.6 S 50.3 E 975 60 09 APR 06 0600 15.8 S 49.8 E 977 55 60 09 APR 06 1200 16.3 S 49.4 E 30 Inland/Locally 35 kts 09 APR 06 1800 17.9 S 48.8 E 45 30 Locally 40 kts on coast 09 APR 07 0000 18.5 S 48.6 E 30 Locally 35 kts on coast 09 APR 07 0600 19.1 S 49.1 E 994 40 Over water 09 APR 07 1200 20.3 S 49.2 E 994 35 35 Locally 40 kts 09 APR 07 1800 20.8 S 49.1 E 994 40 09 APR 08 0000 21.4 S 48.7 E 987 40 45 09 APR 08 0600 21.9 S 49.0 E 987 45 09 APR 08 1200 22.0 S 49.3 E 991 40 40 09 APR 08 1800 22.0 S 49.3 E 994 35 09 APR 09 0000 22.6 S 49.8 E 995 35 35 09 APR 09 0600 22.6 S 49.8 E 997 30 Locally 35-40 kts to S 09 APR 09 1200 22.6 S 50.2 E 999 30 30 " 09 APR 09 1800 22.7 S 50.6 E 997 35 30 Locally 35-40 kts to W 09 APR 10 0000 23.1 S 50.9 E 997 35 30 " 09 APR 10 0600 23.7 S 52.3 E 991 35 40 JTWC: 23.9S/51.2E 09 APR 10 1200 25.0 S 52.5 E 995 35 35 09 APR 10 1800 25.7 S 53.6 E 997 40 30 Locally 35-40 kts to SE 09 APR 11 0000 27.3 S 55.4 E 997 30 Locally 35-40 kts to E 09 APR 11 0600 29.2 S 56.9 E 985 50 Extratropical 09 APR 11 1200 32.8 S 58.6 E 983 50 09 APR 11 1800 34.9 S 57.6 E 980 NCEP RE-ANALYSIS 09 APR 12 0000 37.4 S 59.4 E 980 09 APR 12 0600 39.9 S 60.0 E 974 09 APR 12 1200 42.6 S 59.9 E 970 09 APR 12 1800 47.4 S 58.4 E 965 09 APR 13 0000 50.0 S 57.6 E 964 09 APR 13 0600 52.9 S 56.8 E 964 09 APR 13 1200 56.0 S 59.7 E 957 09 APR 13 1800 57.6 S 61.6 E 961 09 APR 14 0000 59.9 S 62.5 E 958 09 APR 14 0600 60.1 S 65.0 E 963 09 APR 14 1200 60.2 S 67.8 E 967 09 APR 14 1800 62.0 S 68.2 E 969 ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* NORTHWEST AUSTRALIA/SOUTHEAST INDIAN OCEAN (AUW) - Longitude 90E to 135E Sources of Information ---------------------- The track coordinates as well as the central pressure and 10-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were obtained from warnings issued by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres at Perth, Western Australia, and Darwin, Northern Territory. The 1-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were taken from warnings issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) of the U. S. Air Force and Navy, located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The center position coordinates from JTWC were compared with those from the Australian centres and annotations made in the Remarks column when the differences in general amounted to 40-50 nm or more. Following is the link to the Wikipedia page for the 2008-2009 Australian Region Cyclone Season: Systems Tracked --------------- Tropical Cyclone KIRRILY (23U / 27S) 26 - 29 Apr ************************************************************************* Storm Name: KIRRILY Cyclone Number: 27S Basin: AUW (System named by Bom Darwin - Australian LOW Number: 23U) Date Time Lat Lon Cent MSW MSW Remarks (GMT) Press 1-min 10-min (mb) (kts) (kts) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09 APR 26 0600 7.6 S 135.2 E 1004 25 09 APR 26 1200 7.5 S 134.8 E 998 30 09 APR 26 1800 7.1 S 134.6 E 1002 35 30 09 APR 27 0000 6.7 S 134.4 E 1002 30 09 APR 27 0600 6.5 S 134.1 E 998 40 35 09 APR 27 1200 5.9 S 133.6 E 998 35 09 APR 27 1800 6.0 S 133.4 E 999 30 35 09 APR 28 0000 6.2 S 133.4 E 999 35 09 APR 28 0600 5.8 S 133.1 E 1002 35 30 09 APR 28 1200 5.9 S 132.9 E 1002 30 09 APR 28 1800 5.5 S 133.2 E 1006 20 25 09 APR 29 0000 5.6 S 132.8 E 1007 20 NRL data 09 APR 29 0600 5.5 S 132.6 E 1007 20 09 APR 29 1200 5.3 S 132.5 E 1007 20 ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* NORTHEAST AUSTRALIA/CORAL SEA (AUE) - Longitude 135E to 160E Sources of Information ---------------------- The track coordinates as well as the central pressure and 10-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were obtained from warnings issued by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres at Darwin, Northern Territory; Brisbane, Queensland; and Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. The 1-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were taken from warnings issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) of the U. S. Air Force and Navy, located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The center position coordinates from JTWC were compared with those from the Australian centres and annotations made in the Remarks column when the differences in general amounted to 40-50 nm or more. Systems Tracked --------------- Subtropical LOW (Invest 97P) 16 - 25 Apr ************************************************************************* Storm Name: None Cyclone Number: None Basin: AUE/SPA (NRL Invest Number was 97P) Date Time Lat Lon Cent MSW MSW Remarks (GMT) Press 1-min 10-min (mb) (kts) (kts) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09 APR 16 0000 28.0 S 162.0 E 1007 BoM surface analysis 09 APR 16 0600 29.0 S 163.0 E 1005 09 APR 16 1200 30.0 S 163.0 E 1005 09 APR 16 1800 30.0 S 163.0 E 1003 09 APR 17 0000 33.0 S 163.0 E 1002 09 APR 17 0600 33.0 S 163.0 E 1001 09 APR 17 1200 33.0 S 164.0 E 1001 09 APR 17 1800 34.0 S 162.0 E 1002 09 APR 18 0000 35.0 S 162.0 E 1000 09 APR 18 0600 34.5 S 160.5 E 997 30 BoM warnings 09 APR 18 1200 34.0 S 160.0 E 997 30 09 APR 18 1800 33.1 S 159.7 E 997 30 09 APR 18 2300 32.0 S 159.0 E 994 35 09 APR 19 0500 31.5 S 159.5 E 990 40 09 APR 19 1200 31.5 S 159.5 E 992 40 09 APR 19 1800 29.9 S 159.4 E 992 40 09 APR 19 2000 29.8 S 159.8 E 988 45 09 APR 20 0400 29.3 S 160.6 E 992 45 09 APR 20 0730 29.0 S 160.0 E 994 35 09 APR 20 1100 29.0 S 161.0 E 994 35 09 APR 20 1700 29.0 S 161.0 E 996 35 09 APR 21 0000 29.0 S 160.5 E 996 35 SAB: T2.0/2.0 09 APR 21 0600 28.5 S 160.5 E 995 35 09 APR 21 1100 28.0 S 161.5 E 995 35 SAB: T2.0/2.0 09 APR 21 1800 28.5 S 162.0 E 995 40 SAB: T2.0/2.0 09 APR 22 0000 28.5 S 162.0 E 998 40 SAB: ST2.5 09 APR 22 0600 28.8 S 164.0 E 994 40 Final Brisbane warning 09 APR 22 1200 29.8 S 164.7 E 1001 30 SAB: ST1.5 09 APR 22 1800 30.0 S 165.1 E 999 30 SAB: ST1.5 09 APR 23 0000 30.3 S 165.0 E 1001 35 SAB: ST2.5 09 APR 23 0600 32.3 S 165.0 E 999 35 09 APR 23 1200 32.5 S 165.0 E 997 30 Becoming extratropical 09 APR 23 1800 34.6 S 164.7 E 997 See Note 09 APR 24 0000 35.0 S 164.0 E 998 09 APR 24 0600 35.1 S 162.9 E 998 09 APR 24 1200 37.4 S 162.7 E 999 09 APR 24 1800 37.7 S 162.5 E 997 09 APR 25 0000 40.8 S 161.7 E 997 Note: The information prior to 18/0600 UTC was based on BoM analysis and was supplied to the author by Steve Young. The positions and CP values from 22/1200 UTC onward were also sent by Steve Young and were based upon NCEP re-analyses. An e-mail from Derrick Herndon on 23 April noted that the AMSU intensity algorithm suggested a CP of 970 mb and winds of 70 kts. Derrick also noted that recent QuikScat imagery indicated wind flags of 60 kts for the "at least" intensity. The LOW at this time sported a large eye-like feature, and since it appeared to be warm core and driven by convective instead of baroclinic processes, Derrick was of the opinion that it qualified as a tropical cyclone. ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* SOUTH PACIFIC (SPA) - South Pacific Ocean East of Longitude 160E Sources of Information ---------------------- The track coordinates as well as the central pressure and 10-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were obtained from warnings issued by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres at Nadi, Fiji, and Wellington, New Zealand. The 1-minute average maximum sustained wind estimates were taken from warnings issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) of the U. S. Air Force and Navy, located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The center position coordinates from JTWC were compared with those from the Southern Hemisphere centres and annotations made in the Remarks column when the differences in general amounted to 40-50 nm or more. Following is the link to the Wikipedia page for the 2008-2009 South Pacific Cyclone Season. A detailed report is available for Tropical Cyclone Lin. Systems Tracked --------------- Tropical Cyclone LIN (14F / 25P) 31 Mar - 09 Apr Subtropical LOW 15 - 18 Apr ************************************************************************* Storm Name: LIN Cyclone Number: 25P Basin: SPA Fiji Tropical Disturbance Number: 14F Date Time Lat Lon Cent MSW MSW Remarks (GMT) Press 1-min 10-min (mb) (kts) (kts) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09 MAR 31 2100 17.0 S 176.5 E 1001 25 09 APR 01 0600 17.0 S 178.0 E 1002 25 09 APR 01 2100 16.0 S 179.0 E 1002 25 09 APR 02 0600 16.0 S 179.0 E 1002 25 09 APR 02 2100 14.6 S 178.8 E 1002 25 09 APR 03 0000 14.5 S 178.8 E 1002 25 09 APR 03 0600 14.7 S 179.6 E 1000 25 09 APR 03 1200 15.7 S 178.9 W 1000 30 09 APR 03 1800 16.6 S 176.4 W 995 40 09 APR 04 0000 18.0 S 175.7 W 990 35 45 09 APR 04 0600 18.8 S 175.6 W 985 50 09 APR 04 1200 19.5 S 175.5 W 980 35 55 JTWC: 19.7S/176.2W 09 APR 04 1800 20.5 S 175.5 W 980 55 09 APR 05 0000 21.4 S 175.1 W 975 50 60 09 APR 05 0600 23.4 S 174.8 W 975 60 09 APR 05 1200 24.1 S 174.6 W 980 35 55 JTWC: 24.8S/174.3W 09 APR 05 1800 25.0 S 174.1 W 985 50 09 APR 06 0000 26.0 S 173.0 W 988 35 Wellington warnings 09 APR 06 0600 28.0 S 172.0 W 988 35 09 APR 06 1200 29.0 S 171.0 W 991 35 NRL: 29.8S/169.9W 09 APR 06 1800 31.0 S 168.0 W 1000 35 NCEP RE: 29.9S/169.7W 09 APR 07 0000 31.0 S 169.0 W 998 35 NCEP RE: 32.4S/167.4W 09 APR 07 0600 34.0 S 167.0 W 992 45 NCEP RE: 33.0S/165.2W 09 APR 07 1200 34.0 S 166.0 W 992 35 NCEP RE: 34.8S/165.0W 09 APR 07 1800 35.0 S 165.0 W 992 35 NCEP RE: 35.1S/164.2W 09 APR 08 0000 35.0 S 163.0 W 995 35 NCEP RE: 35.0S/162.6W 09 APR 08 0600 35.1 S 162.5 W 998 NCEP REANALYSIS 09 APR 08 1200 36.3 S 160.6 W 1000 09 APR 08 1800 37.1 S 159.1 W 1003 09 APR 09 0000 38.9 S 158.1 W 1005 ************************************************************************* Storm Name: None Cyclone Number: None Basin: SPA (Subtropical system - No invest number) Date Time Lat Lon Cent MSW MSW Remarks (GMT) Press 1-min 10-min (mb) (kts) (kts) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 09 APR 15 0600 29.5 S 165.2 W 1008 09 APR 15 1200 29.5 S 165.9 W 1006 09 APR 15 1800 29.6 S 167.3 W 1006 09 APR 16 0000 29.9 S 167.9 W 1004 40 SAB: ST3.0 09 APR 16 0600 29.7 S 169.9 W 1004 09 APR 16 1200 29.9 S 170.0 W 1004 35 SAB: ST2.5 09 APR 16 1800 29.8 S 170.3 W 1005 35 SAB: ST2.5 09 APR 17 0000 31.3 S 170.0 W 1007 30 SAB: T2.0/2.0 09 APR 17 0600 32.6 S 169.5 W 1008 25 SAB: T1.0/2.0 09 APR 17 1200 33.2 S 170.0 W 1008 Extratropical 09 APR 17 1800 33.3 S 170.1 W 1009 09 APR 18 0000 32.7 S 170.0 W 1010 09 APR 18 0600 33.5 S 168.2 W 1011 09 APR 18 1200 34.3 S 166 8 W 1012 09 APR 18 1800 34.4 S 165.4 W 1012 Note: The above track was sent to the author by Steve Young, and was based upon NCEP reanalysis data. The wind speed values are given only for occasions where there was a satellite bulletin from SAB available. Satellite composites and a BOM analysis at 15/0000 UTC showed convection associated with the South Pacific Convection Zone (SPCZ) reaching from 10S/180E to 38S/155W where it merged with a old frontal zone. To the west was a separate, disorganized cloud mass. By 16/0000 UTC there was a small circulation with clouds about 5 degrees from the SPCZ. The cloud mass remained separate from the SPCZ, and was disorganized through the life of the system. ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* SOURCES OF TROPICAL CYCLONE INFORMATION The purpose of this section is to list some websites where many and varied types of tropical cyclone information are archived. Many readers will know about these already, but for the benefit of those who don't, I wanted to include them. (1) Aircraft Reconnaissance Information --------------------------------------- Various types of messages from reconnaissance aircraft may be retrieved from the following FTP site: Information regarding how to interpret the coded reconnaissance messages may be found at the following URL: Links are also included to websites with further information about the U. S. Air Force 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron and the NOAA Air- craft Operations Center. (2) Archived Advisories ----------------------- All the advisory products (public advisories, forecast/advisories, strike probabilities, discussions, various graphics) issued by TPC/NHC are archived on TPC's website. For the current year (using 2004 as an example), the archived products can be found at: Links to tropical products archives for earlier years are available at the following URL: JTWC warnings for past storms are archived on the NRL Monterrey website: On the NRL site, the link to past years can be found in the upper left corner of the screen. I am not aware at the moment of any other TCWC which archives all its tropical cyclone warning/advisory products for public access, but if I learn of any, I will add them to this list. (3) Satellite Imagery --------------------- Satellite images of tropical cyclones in various sensor bands are available on the NRL Monterrey and University of Wisconsin websites, courtesy of Jeff Hawkins and Chris Velden and their associates. The links are: On the NRL site, the link to past years can be found in the upper left corner of the screen. For the CIMSS site, a link to data archives is located in the lower left portion of the screen. Additional tropical satellite imagery, along with looping ability for composite microwave imagery for the Western Hemisphere north of the equator, can be found at: (1) For the Eastern North Pacific: (2) For the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea: (4) Cyclone Tracking Information -------------------------------- There is a U. S. Navy site that tracks tropical cyclones at 6-hourly intervals which often includes pre and post-advisory positions. The link to the site is: Steve Young has compiled many of these tracks onto a single webpage which is very user-friendly: *************************************************************************** ************************************************************************* !!!!!! IMPORTANT NOTE - PLEASE READ !!!!!! To repeat the caveat which is included in the Author's Note at the end of the cyclone summaries--the tropical cyclone tracks I prepare are based upon the operational warnings/advisories/ advices/bulletins which are issued by the various tropical cyclone warning agencies around the world. Users of these tracks should be aware that they are preliminary and subject to revision during post-seasonal analyses of the cyclones by the forecasters and analysts at the several warning centers. For the Atlantic and Northeast Pacific basins, official tropical cyclone reports and "best tracks" can be found at the website of the Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov> The Joint Typhoon Warning Center's website contains links to their Annual Tropical Cyclone Reports which include that agency's "best tracks" for tropical cyclones in the Northwest Pacific basin, the North Indian Ocean, and the Southern Hemisphere: https://metocph.nmci.navy.mil/jtwc.php> SPECIAL NOTE: Back issues of the global tropical cyclone summaries and monthly cyclone track files can be obtained at the following websites: ftp://ftp.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/pub/landsea/padgett/> http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/> http://www.typhoon2000.ph/archives.htm> http://mpittweather.com> PREPARED BY: Gary Padgett garyp@alaweb.com SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS BY: Michael V. Padua supertyphoon@gmail.com webmaster@typhoon2000.ph ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* ************************************************************************* Posted: 07.21.09 / Typhoon2000.ph, Typhoon2000.com